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A Hypergraph Analog of Dirac's Theorem for Long Cycles in 2-Connected Graphs, II: Large UniformitiesDirac proved that each $$n$$-vertex $$2$$-connected graph with minimum degree $$k$$ contains a cycle of length at least $$\min\{2k, n\}$$. We obtain analogous results for Berge cycles in hypergraphs. Recently, the authors proved an exact lower bound on the minimum degree ensuring a Berge cycle of length at least $$\min\{2k, n\}$$ in $$n$$-vertex $$r$$-uniform $$2$$-connected hypergraphs when $$k \geq r+2$$. In this paper we address the case $$k \leq r+1$$ in which the bounds have a different behavior. We prove that each $$n$$-vertex $$r$$-uniform $$2$$-connected hypergraph $$H$$ with minimum degree $$k$$ contains a Berge cycle of length at least $$\min\{2k,n,|E(H)|\}$$. If $$|E(H)|\geq n$$, this bound coincides with the bound of the Dirac's Theorem for 2-connected graphs.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available January 17, 2026
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available November 1, 2025
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Let $D=(V,A)$ be a digraph. A vertex set $$K\subseteq V$$ is a quasi-kernel of $$D$$ if $$K$$ is an independent set in $$D$$ and for every vertex $$v\in V\setminus K$$, $$v$$ is at most distance 2 from $$K$$. In 1974, Chvátal and Lovász proved that every digraph has a quasi-kernel. P. L. Erdős and L. A. Székely in 1976 conjectured that if every vertex of $$D$$ has a positive indegree, then $$D$$ has a quasi-kernel of size at most $|V|/2$. This conjecture is only confirmed for narrow classes of digraphs, such as semicomplete multipartite, quasi-transitive, or locally semicomplete digraphs. In this note, we state a similar conjecture for all digraphs, show that the two conjectures are equivalent, and prove that both conjectures hold for a class of digraphs containing all orientations of 4-colorable graphs (in particular, of all planar graphs).more » « less
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Let $$H$$ and $$F$$ be hypergraphs. We say $$H$$ {\em contains $$F$$ as a trace} if there exists some set $$S \subseteq V(H)$$ such that $$H|_S:=\{E\cap S: E \in E(H)\}$$ contains a subhypergraph isomorphic to $$F$$. In this paper we give an upper bound on the number of edges in a $$3$$-uniform hypergraph that does not contain $$K_{2,t}$$ as a trace when $$t$$ is large. In particular, we show that $$\lim_{t\to \infty}\lim_{n\to \infty} \frac{\mathrm{ex}(n, \mathrm{Tr}_3(K_{2,t}))}{t^{3/2}n^{3/2}} = \frac{1}{6}.$$ Moreover, we show $$\frac{1}{2} n^{3/2} + o(n^{3/2}) \leqslant \mathrm{ex}(n, \mathrm{Tr}_3(C_4)) \leqslant \frac{5}{6} n^{3/2} + o(n^{3/2})$$.more » « less
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Gyárfas proved that every coloring of the edges of $$K_n$$ with $t+1$ colors contains a monochromatic connected component of size at least $n/t$. Later, Gyárfás and Sárközy asked for which values of $$\gamma=\gamma(t)$$ does the following strengthening for almost complete graphs hold: if $$G$$ is an $$n$$-vertex graph with minimum degree at least $$(1-\gamma)n$$, then every $(t+1)$-edge coloring of $$G$$ contains a monochromatic component of size at least $n/t$. We show $$\gamma= 1/(6t^3)$$ suffices, improving a result of DeBiasio, Krueger, and Sárközy.more » « less
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